Zantac Research Today is a free monthly online journal that collates and summarizes the latest research about Zantac, including details on ranitidine, side-effects, allergic reactions, information. | ||||||
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Anti-inflammatory, Gastroprotective, Free-Radical-Scavenging, and Antimicrobial Activities of Hawthorn Berries Ethanol Extract.Tadić VM, Dobrić S, Marković GM, Ethorđević SM, Arsić IA, Menković NR, Stević T vtadic@mocbilja.rs. Hawthorn [ Crataegus monogyna Jacq. and Crataegus oxyacantha L.; sin. Crataegus laevigata (Poiret) DC., Rosaceae] leaves, flowers, and berries are used in traditional medicine in the treatment of chronic heart failure, high blood pressure, arrhythmia, and various digestive ailments, as well as geriatric and antiarteriosclerosis remedies. According to European Pharmacopoeia 6.0, hawthorn berries consist of the dried false fruits of these two species or their mixture. The present study was carried out to test free-radical-scavenging, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, and antimicrobial activities of hawthorn berries ethanol extract. Phenolic compounds represented 3.54%, expressed as gallic acid equivalents. Determination of total flavonoid aglycones content yielded 0.18%. The percentage of hyperoside, as the main flavonol component, was 0.14%. With respect to procyanidins content, the obtained value was 0.44%. DPPH radical-scavenging capacity of the extract was concentration-dependent, with EC 50 value of 52.04 mug/mL (calculation based on the total phenolic compounds content in the extract). Oral administration of investigated extract caused dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect in a model of carrageenan-induced rat paw edema. The obtained anti-inflammatory effect was 20.8, 23.0, and 36.3% for the extract doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively. In comparison to indomethacin, given in a dose producing 50% reduction of rat paw edema, the extract given in the highest tested dose (200 mg/kg) showed 72.4% of its activity. Gastroprotective activity of the extract was investigated using an ethanol-induced acute stress ulcer in rats with ranitidine as a reference drug. Hawthorn extract produced dose-dependent gastroprotective activity (3.8 +/- 2.1, 1.9 +/- 1.7, and 0.7 +/- 0.5 for doses of 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, respectively), with the efficacy comparable to that of the reference drug. Antimicrobial testing of the extract revealed its moderate bactericidal activity, especially against Gram-positive bacteria Micrococcus flavus, Bacillus subtilis, and Lysteria monocytogenes, with no effect on Candida albicans. All active components identified in the extract might be responsible for activities observed. Published 13 August 2008 in J Agric Food Chem. Articles on Zantac published 7 August 2008: Bioadhesive ranitidine hydrochloride for gastroretention with controlled microenvironmental pH. Drug Dev Ind Pharm, 34(8): 860-9. Ranitidine hydrochloride is a H(2) receptor blocker used in the treatment of gastric ulcers. Pharmacological factors, in addition to the dosage regimen, favor development of a sustained-release system for ranitidine especially in the therapeutic condition of erosive esophagitis. This investigation delves into the development of bioadhesive type of gastroretentive formulation (tablets) of ranitidine. The effect of mucoadhesive polymers such as Carbopol, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose, and ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Zantac published 4 August 2008: Leaky enteric coating on ranitidine hydrochloride beads: Dissolution and prediction of plasma data. Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 69(3): 977-85. The present research is based on the hypothesis that leaky enteric-coated pellets formulations are able to provide sustained input for drugs that have an absorption window, such as ranitidine hydrochloride, without jeopardizing their bioavailability. Leaky enteric-coated pellets formulations are defined as enteric-coated pellets that allow some of the drug to be released from the formulation in gastric fluid. Different approaches to making leaky enteric-coated pellets were investigated using ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Enhancement of famotidine dissolution rate through liquisolid tablets formulation: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm, 69(3): 993-1003. Although famotidine was reported to be 7.5 and 20 times more potent than ranitidine and cimetidine, respectively, its oral bioavailability is low and variable; due mainly to its poor aqueous solubility. The purpose of this study was to improve famotidine dissolution through its formulation into liquisolid systems and then to investigate the in vitro and in vivo performance of the prepared liquisolid tablets. The new mathematical model was utilized to formulate various liquisolid powder systems. ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Zantac published 29 July 2008: Fatal injection of ranitidine: a case report. J Med Case Reports, 2: 232. ABSTRACT: INTRODUCTION: Ranitidine hydrochloride (Zantac(R)), a histamine-2-receptor antagonist, is a widely used medication with an excellent safety record. Anaphylactic reaction to ranitidine is an extremely rare event and a related death has never been described in the literature. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the clinical history, histological and toxicological data of a 51-year-old man with negative anamnesis for allergic events, who died suddenly after the intravenous administration of ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Zantac published 28 July 2008: Effect of Da-Cheng-Qi decoction on the pharmacokinetics of ranitidine in rats. Biomed Chromatogr, 22(8): 851-6. Da Cheng Qi decoction (DCQD) is composed of Dahuang, Houpu, Zhishi and Mangxiao. It is a formula created under the theory of Chinese medicine to purge the 'evil heat' in the gastrointestitinal tract, which arises from the ileus and acute pancreatitis. The present study was conducted to evaluate the herb-drug interaction between DCQD and ranitidine, which are often co-administered in clinical practice. Ranitidine was administered orally alone or together with DCQD to rats, and plasma ranitidine ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Zantac published 23 July 2008: Objective This study focused on unhealed gastrocutaneous fistulas to resolve whether standard drugs that promote healing of gastric ulcers may simultaneously have the same effect on cutaneous wounds, and corticosteroid aggravation, and to demonstrate why peptides such as BPC 157 exhibit a greater healing effect. Therefore, with the fistulas therapy, we challenge the wound/growth factors theory of the analogous nonhealing of wounds and persistent gastric ulcers. Methods The healing rate of ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Zantac published 22 July 2008: Physical characterization and stability of amorphous indomethacin and ranitidine hydrochloride binary systems prepared by mechanical activation. Eur J Pharm Biopharm. Co-milling of gamma-indomethacin and ranitidine hydrochloride form 2 at various weight ratios (1:2, 1:1 and 2:1) was investigated with a particular interest in the physicochemical properties and the stability of the milled mixed amorphous form. Co-milling was carried out using an oscillatory ball mill for various periods of time up to 60min in a cold room (4 degrees C). The maximum temperature of the solid material was 42 degrees C during co-milling in a cold room. Results showed that both ... [Abstract] [Full-text] Articles on Zantac published 17 July 2008: Simultaneous determination of macrolides, sulfonamides, and other pharmaceuticals in water samples by solid-phase extraction and LC-(ESI) MS. J Sep Sci, 31(12): 2182-8. This paper describes a method for determining 11 pharmaceuticals in various water sources by SPE followed by LC-(ESI) MS. SPE was carried out with Oasis HLB and the recoveries were 33-67% for 250 and 100 mL sewage water, 55-77% for 500 mL river water and 72-98% for 1 L tap water, with the exception of sulfamethoxazole and omeprazole which showed lower recoveries in all kinds of sample. The LODs in river water were of 5 ng/L for sulfadiazine, trimethoprim, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, and ... [Abstract] [Full-text] © 2004-2008 Zantac Research Today. All Rights Reserved. |
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